The Great Gatsby Character Analysis - 888 Words

The Betrayal of Wealth in The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is a novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1923. The book was later converted into a movie. The overall plot of the movie remained the same, but many details were changed or completely left out in the film production. â€Å"Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone, just remember that all of the people in this world haven’t had the advantages that you’ve had.† (Fitzgerald pg.1) Throughout the novel many different symbols and moods are created to get the overall meaning of wealth portrayed for this era of the â€Å"roaring twenties.† While wealth determines many different things in The Great Gatsby, wealth does not always contribute to one person’s happiness and wellbeing. In the†¦show more content†¦His main goal was to impress Daisy, while other people spend money on items that are needed. The civilians of East Egg are not as careless with their money, they carefully manage their money for more important things. The people with new money are not used to having the income and are not aware on how to wisely spend their money. People that are fortuned to new money tend to be more caring and selfless. People with old money can manage their money better because they’ve been entitled to their fortune longer. As people they tend to be selfish, careless, and rude. They often make a mess of things and leave their destruction for anyone but themselves to clean up. Gatsby died in the end of both films and book. Gatsby went for a swim one afternoon as he awaited a phone call from Daisy to inform him of her decision to leave Tom. The phone began to ring and Gatsby got out of the pool to answer the phone when he was shot and killed. He died believing that he won over Daisy, when it was only Nick calling. A funeral was held for Gatsby and the turnout was devastating. This scene was altered in the movie to where only Nick, Gatsby’s one true friend came to say his goodbyes. Although, in Fitzgerald’s novel Nick, the minister, Henry Gatz, a few servants, the West Egg postman, and Owl Eyes attended the funeral. Daisy did not make an appearance or even send flowers to Jay Gatsby’s funeral. This scene to show that no matter howShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby Character Analysis1468 Words   |  6 PagesThe classic novel, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, has a storyline that is permeated with many interesting characters. Char acter flaws are a main aspect that develops the plot line and keeps the readers interested. The characters that have a lot of flaws in their personalities that in the end lead to their demise is Daisy Buchanan, Tom Buchanan, and Jay Gatsby. To start, the character Daisy Buchanan has many internal flaws occurring with her psychologically. Her most prevalent flaw is theRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Character Analysis956 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, there is a strong message about the social class systems about the societies that exists between them. First, there are people like the Buchanans and Jordan Baker who were born into wealth and never really had to work for their money. Secondly, The new money people who can never really be like them, inherently because they have had to work for their money and sometimes finding it had been rough while doing so. (Houghton Mifflin) InRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Character Analysis720 Words   |  3 Pagesnovels that yield insights into the minds of its characters, but few are as honest or intriguing as Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. The Great Gatsby is a novel that incorporates many different personalities. These personalities in clude kind hearted, vulgar, and heartless people. Fitzgerald uses lies and deception to reveal the characters true intentions. In this essay we will uncover the dark secrets of humanity. Early on in The Great Gatsby we are told that Nicks very wealthy cousin DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Character Analysis1458 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott’s Fitzgerald’s 1925 novel, â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, features the affluent, upper-class characters of Jay Gatsby, Daisy and Tom Buchanan, Jordan Baker, and the lead, Nick Carraway, and follows them throughout their New York lives in the summer of 1922. Nick is presumably so tolerant and willing to be around these people even when he discovers major character flaws because of their similarity with social placement. As this novel took place in the midst of the â€Å"roaring twenties†, which was filledRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of The Great Gatsby1227 Words   |  5 Pages Gatsby is acting nervous when Daisy arrives. He runs out of the house and knocks over Nick’s clock. He wants her to be impressed so he has Nick’s lawn cut, flowers brought to the cottage, and brings fancy China. The green light is coming from Daisy’s dock across from Gatsby’s property. As Daisy arrives at the cottage, it’s raining. At this point, neither Gatsby nor Daisy are very comfortable around each other. The rain reflects the gloomy mood between them. As time goes on, the sun comes out.Read MoreCharacter Analysis : The Great Gatsby1312 Words   |  6 PagesFitzgerald’s short story based on his own story involving his daughter Scottie â€Å"Babylon Revisited† is one of the many pieces of literature written by Fitzgerald that has not necessarily been forgotten, but has been shadowed in the success of his novel The Great Gatsby. This story revolves around Charlie, a man who had gone through incredible economic times, felt the crash of the stock market in 1929, and is now starting to get back on his feet, and his battle for custody for his daughter, Honoria, who had beenRead MoreCharacter Analysis : The Great Gatsby881 Words   |  4 Pages Gatsby in love with Daisy Gatsby was only a kid simple , poor but very optimistic despite the conditions he was living. â€Å" He was a very strict about his schedule. Pg 173 † And one day at 17 years of age i leave the house in search of its future. How did Gatsby and Daisy meet? The parents of Daisy offered a party, among so many people dressed very elegant , and people from the army one of them was Gastby, mixed among the guests dressed of the military. But that night Read MoreCharacter Analysis Of The Great Gatsby748 Words   |  3 PagesThe novel The Great Gatsby is told from the point of view of a man name Nick Carraway. Nick Carraway is a young man from Minnesota who went to Yale then to New York to study business bonds. As Nick grew up, he followed a lesson that his father gave him, which was to never judge others. Because of that lesson, Nick grew up to be someone who is tolerant, open-minded, quiet, and a good listener, which made others want to talk to him more. Nick lives on the West Egg district of Long Island next to aRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Character Analysis1552 Words   |  7 Pagesthey do not have instead of what they do? Well in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, this is a major part of the book. Fitzgerald’s characte rs are used to show that people are greedy and always will be. Specifically, Fitzgerald uses Jay Gatsby to show that society is greedy because he always focuses on what he does not have instead of what he does have. First, Fitzgerald shows how Gatsby does everything to impress Daisy, by how Gatsby becomes rich to win her over and how he does everythingRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Character Analysis1169 Words   |  5 Pagesnovel The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Nick Carraways role as both narrator and character makes for a dishonest, unreliable storyteller. Besides Gatsby, Carraway is one of the few characters in the novel whose past and values are truly examined to see what kind of person he is. Also, Carraway can be seen as a somewhat unreliable narrator since he is a sometimes biased, active participant and has a history with almost everyone in the novel. Carraway’s relationship with Gatsby and growth

California Pizza Kitchen Free Essays

CALIFORNIA PIZZA KITCHEN TUI University Instructor: MGT599 Module 1 Case Study The purpose of this report is to identify and give feedback on the company’s current mission and vision statements as well as its values and goals as stated (or not) by the founders and management. The need to have a clear vision and a real mission statement is fundamental and vital for all businesses. The values that make the company what it is and the end state or goals that it wishes to achieve are equally important. We will write a custom essay sample on California Pizza Kitchen or any similar topic only for you Order Now In looking at these factors I will identify the following where possible: What is California Pizza Kitchen’s vision statement and is it relevant? What is CPK’s mission statement and is it effective? What are the values and short and long term goals and what is the company doing to clarify and refine them on a continuous basis? Hildy Gottleib of the Community-Driven Institute has an excellent way of differentiating and explaining what vision and mission statements are. She says the simplest way of doing it is using three little letters and they are â€Å"ARY. Used in this way, Vision and Mission look quite different and are much easier to understand. (Gottleib) She goes on to say that written in this way it is easy to understand that when someone is a visionary they are able to see what it is they want to do and as a missionary they are able to execute their vision. She used the analogy of Jesus. He was the visionary and his disciples were the missionaries. (Gottleib) A good majority of organizations have websites like CPK’s. On these websites most companies will give their mission statement if you will. This statement is important for many reasons. It is stated so that potential clients and or investors can learn what the company is about when it comes to business. This is what helps draw people to the business. When people have a clear understanding as to what a company does or wishes to do in regards to customer service, it causes them to take stock of the company and determine if the company is a right for their consumer needs. My research of the company shows that the company has no mission statement as of publication of this report. The closest mission statement (if one were to call it that) that I could potentially identify was â€Å"CPK’s strong brand awareness has been developed primarily through full service restaurants and through the expansion of our high quality fast-casual, CPK/ASAP concept†. (Smith) I believe another way of saying this is that it is California Pizza Kitchen’s mission to be a â€Å"leader in authentic California-style cuisine† (all the while) being widely known for diverse and innovative menu items. This is no clear mission statement as given by the company but rather this person’s interpretation. If you read their website you will not find much of anything except their personal story. Although this is nice, it tells neither the customer nor the potential investor anything as to what the company is striving towards in clear language. It does nothing to spark or draw interest to the company. California Pizza Kitchen has no clear or discernable mission statement and their vision statement is just as absent. On their company website is stated the founders intent but not their vision â€Å"Having always wanted to get into the restaurant business; they traded in their legal pads to serve hearth-baked pizzas. (California Pizza kithen) Their unspoken business vision was to create pizzas that were an interpretation or a culmination of food with an international flair on a global level. Their pizzas include such creations as a Jamaican Jerk, Thai, and shrimp pizza. This flair has served the company well. Although the company has gone through a rough patch while under the ownership of PepsiCo which nearly ran the business aground due to what some may say was an overly aggressive business model , the company is now back on track with the original founders put back in control of the company. This has allowed CPK to right itself and grow at a more realistic pace. The founders have been allowed to lead the company as they intended at the start and the brand name is flourishing. It is because of this vision that the company is again succeeding. So, it is fair to say that the company has a vision but that vision is shallow and has no clear long term ambition other than serving specialty pizza. I have made numerous inquiries both by email and phone calls to the main office and other places within the company to clearly state their values and goals. I finally received a reply from a Mr. Locksley who is a member of their marketing and relations department. My request to him was simple; tell me what you understand the company’s values and goals to be. He simply regurgitated in an email his company’s web page statement. This is not good. Either he is unable to clearly communicate the company’s values statement as well as their goals or, there are none. It is my findings that the company has no values or goals statements. The company is simply operating on a loose configuration of statements given on a webpage or in an employee handbook. The company touts respect, opportunity, communication, and kindness (R. O. C. K) for all just like all other companies but, there is nothing that I could locate in my search for the employees to get behind other than that. (California Pizza kithen) The company has not given its employees a set of values that all can get on the same page with or real sustenance and purpose. There is an employee handbook but it is more like a generic/vanilla document that covers employee benefits, requirements for uniform standards, and other HR issues. No wonder the employees have no clue. You can’t enforce company standards or values if you don’t ensure that all have access to them in order to read and comply. This is totally unsatisfactory. Goals, the company has no clear or identifiable set of goals in its current state. While under PepsiCo the company had a goal to grow at a stated pace over so many years, while under the current leadership they are focused solely on repairing the damage to the brand name caused by PepsiCo. This could be a goal of sorts but it does or says nothing to the effect of what the company’s future overall end state is. The company must look at its current situation and develop a set of goals that will enable it to better move forward and grow. Although the company will either continue to survive or eventually wither and fail, a good set of goals will enable everyone to work smarter and more effectively toward success. This aspect is of great importance to company shareholders in that it affects their profits. If the company can’t define a clear goal for the company in regards to profits then the stakeholders in the company suffer and will eventually sell out. Stakeholders want to make money as in any organization and if they don’t, they will revolt on management until it responds. Some things that I would recommend to the company in general are: 1. work aggressively to develop a short and long term vision for your company. 2. After you have your vision identified, develop a team of individuals to recognize your mission and then implement it by sending company leadership out to the employees to articulate it. Once everyone knows what it is the company wants it can begin to implement that vision by working to achieve it. . Take a consensus from across the entire work force in what it deems is or is appropriate values that you want the company to follow. This can be done by online employee surveys or management at each store location polling workers on site. You can gather results either way and decide on those values that are important to all workers at every level and exemplify the very best traits and characteristics of your busine ss. This will allow workers to feel good about where they work and give customers a more positive attitude about the business they are frequenting. . Develop a goal for your business. You can have a goal for employees in regards to customer service and one for the future growth and development of CPK franchises. Both will reap huge rewards for you business. I recommend that you place your vision, mission, values, and goals in high visibility locations throughout the organization. This allows everyone to read and understand what it is they are working towards. Place them in the company board room so that the CEO and board of directors can see it every time they meet. Use them as a gauge to see if the senior leaders are using them to make decisions which support your various statements. If their not then either replace them or hold them accountable for their failures by withholding bonuses or other perks. In conclusion, the company has no set vision, mission, or values statements. There are no clear and defined goals for the organization. The company must do the following in order to begin the process of changing: 1. Develop a vision statement in order to allow everyone to understand what it is the company wants or intends to do. 2. Develop a mission statement that supports that vision. Then, with the vision, begin to work aggressively to realize that vision. 3. Access your company as a whole and determine those values that will support your vision and mission from those that are within your employee base. Tweak and revise constantly in order to ensure that your company reflects the very best and important aspects of your employee base and that they genuinely feel like a part of the team effort. Your employees are your business and the most important part at that. Without them you are out of business. Hold management (CEO, Board of Directors) accountable in ensuring that they make decisions based off of various established statements. 4. Lastly, strongly impart to everyone what the overall goal(s) are for the organization and give them the tools and support to achieve it/them. The company must ensure that it effectively incorporates and uses the first three legs of the support (vision, mission, values) to realize the final result or goal. A goal is nothing without the latter three. With these recommendations you will find that the organization will function and flow far more efficiently than before. It will take determination and real effort on the part of California Pizza Kitchen to achieve the recommendations as laid out in this Summary. I thank you for your attention to this assessment summary. Works Cited California Pizza kithen. California Pizza Kitchen. November 2010. 30 November 2010 . Gottleib, Hildy. 3 Statements That Can Change the World: Mission/Vision/Values. 2007. Creating the Future. 28 November 2010 . Smith, Richard M. Rolling In Dough. 25th June 2007. Harmon Newsweek LLC. 30 November 2010 . How to cite California Pizza Kitchen, Papers California Pizza Kitchen Free Essays string(23) " rising input costs I\." The unique concept of designer pizzas with an unconventional menu flourished, and by 2007 there were 213 stores worldwide in seven countries. COP had various sources of revenue, including company owned restaurants, franchising and a partnership with Kraft foods to sell COP frozen pizzas in grocery stores. During 2007 the industry was experiencing high labor and food costs which put pressure on consumer spending. We will write a custom essay sample on California Pizza Kitchen or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite this, COP still managed to show earnings growth and impressive financial results. Their quarterly profits were estimated at over $ 6 million. During June 2007, Cap’s share price declined by 10% to $22. 10. This caused the management team to consider repurchasing company shares, which required debt financing. COP avoided debt financing thus far; however, it had an available line of credit of $ 75 million at 6. 16% interest rate. The company was thus considering using leverage to grow its business. Success of COP can be facilitated by continuing with its differentiated products, menu development, managing its food and labor cost fluctuations, developing its franchise equines, developing its partnership with Kraft Foods, expanding to more locations and considering using debt as a means of financing. Leverage increases the ROE of a company, which is shown by the Du Pont analysis. Leverage affects cost of capital by reducing the weighted average cost of capital (â€Å"WAC†). This is further analyses using the Modeling and Miller (1958) (â€Å"MM) theory. An analysis of share price and number of shares that could be bought are examined by using three possible debt scenarios. By increasing debt, a higher share price and larger amount of shares to be repurchased is found. We discuss the how tax deductibility of interest can provide the levered firm with a tax shield or tax saving. We recommend a 20% debt to capital structure as well as share buy-back policy. We evaluate this recommendation under various capital structure theories. We evaluate a capital structure required to complete the expansion policy. PORTERS FIVE FORCES Threat of New Entry It is relatively easy opening up a restaurant. Initial capital is high but they could make use of leasing. Food and restaurant service is a simple concept that could easily be implemented. Threat of Entry is high. The Power of Suppliers There are a large variety of suppliers in the industry from where ingredients can be bought. The power of suppliers is low. The Power of Buyers As customers are mainly high net worth individuals, their sensitivity to price and macroeconomic conditions are low. Low income earners have been affected by increasing prices; therefore COP is dependent on their high income earning customers who are able to demand quality of product and service for the price they are willing to pay. The power of buyers is high. Threat of Substitutes As market conditions have declined, consumer spending has decreased. People have thus reduced their eating out expense and substituted it with home-cooked meals. Cap’s frozen pizzas by Kraft foods could be used as a substitute; however, that is only one line of product. The threat of substitutes is high. Rivalry among Existing Competitors The other competitors in the industry do not have the unique menu offerings that COP offers. There is thus no direct substitute for the specific menu options found at COP. Customers are thus more likely to go COP for a unique craved item at a lower average price than its upscale dining peers. Rivalry among existing competitors is owe. Based on the Porters Five Forces model above, we conclude that COP operates in an environment with relatively strong competitive forces. SOOT ANALYSIS Weaknesses Strengths Various sources of revenue Customers are largely high income earners affected as much by macroeconomic pressures Average menu prices lower than competitors Continuously developing menu Unique menu offerings-won’t be found at ASAP Restaurant concept-at airports, therefore creates awareness amongst foreigners Kraft Partnership-when consumers can’t afford eating out, they can still purchase COP products in grocery stores Industry is highly affected by inflation-eating out is first place consumers cut down on spending Does not appeal to low income earners Does not appeal to less adventurous consumers- do not sell any ‘normal ‘menu items Lack of geographic diversification-40% of company operated stores are located within California Opportunities 0 Opportunity to gain market share-lowest average price of all upscale dining peers 0 Expansion- currently financial performance unaffected by rising costs. Use this opportunity to expand whilst competitors are experiencing weakened performance and earnings Franchised Restaurants and frozen pizzas through Kraft Foods have the possibility of improving overall margins in the long run 0 Could market other products through Kraft foods Threats Less market competitors-targets broader range of customers 0 Industry challenges- rising costs of commodities could continue and start reducing spending of higher income earners as well QUESTION 1 In what ways can Susan Collins facilitate the success of COP? COP has maintained its competitive advantage and market share through sufficient differentiation. It has ensured cost leadership by competing on price and market differentiation by uniqueness of its product. In order to grow its market share and ensure success of the business, the following should be considered by Susan Collins: 1. Menu Development COP spends 50% of its marketing costs on menu development. Slow selling items are replaced with new items bi-annually. As their menu is the main attraction of customers, it is essential that they maintain a unique menu of items that are in demand. They should continue to do research and spend money on its development. Fortunately for COP, they are very reliant on word of mouth marketing and can thus save on marketing costs. 2. Maintenance of Unique Concept As economic conditions worsen and input costs rise, COP should continue to service its niche market with high quality ingredients and unconventional food offerings. This authenticity is what has made them successful and this will continue to separate them from its competitors. 3. Cost Control The firm is highly exposed to rising input costs I. You read "California Pizza Kitchen" in category "Papers" E. Food and labor. It is essential that they develop good supplier and customer relationships to maintain profit margins and competitive advantage. Food prices are very volatile due to inflation. Between 2003 to 2006, food, beverage ND paper supplies have increased by 54%. COP has managed to keep these costs to 24% of its total revenue. They should endeavourer to maintain competitive advantage through arrangements with suppliers. By large volume orders and timely payments of debt, they could aim to receive favorable discounts. Labor costs have also increased by 54% since 2003. Labor costs in 2006 have been 36% of total revenue. There has been an introduction of a new minimum wage, effective July 2007. This represents a 40% increase in the wage rate per hour. Cap’s labor costs will increase which will put pressure on its margins. As the employees have low skills and are easily able to switch Jobs, COP should attempt to motivate staff and create incentive programmer to ensure staff retention. They should also train staff to provide excellent service which will add to their competitive advantage. 4. Development of Franchise Business From 2003 to 2006, COP has maintained an approximate 1% of franchise sales to total sales. There is an opportunity to grow the franchise business. By growing its franchise, it will receive upfront income of between $50,000 and $65,000 per store opened. It will also receive royalty fees of 5% of gross sales. . Expansion to be more Geographically Diversified With its expansion plans, it should aim to spread out to a wider geographic location. Based on each locations success, it could open additional stores in that location in future. . Additional Product offerings through Kraft Foods Royalties from Kraft Foods also represent 1% of COP revenues. Currently, they only sell COP branded frozen pizzas in grocery stores. As COP has other products besides pizzas, the partnership with Kraft Foods should be extended to include other items on the menu. This could help alleviate cost increases when restaurant sales decrease s more consumers demand home cooked alte rnatives to save money. 7. Financing Up until 2006, COP has avoided debt financing. It does have an available line of credit of $ 75 million at a low interest rate of 6. 16%. The low interest rate environment and tangible assets available to secure any borrowing would indicate that it could be feasible to take on some debt to fund its expansion plans. The feasibility of taking on debt will be discussed in the next sections. 8. Stakeholder Theory An alternative series of actions that Susan may consider to facilitate the success of COP is to consider what is broadly titled: Stakeholder Theory. Stakeholder Theory postulates that firms should aim to maximize not only the wealth of the shareholders (shareholder view), but to consider all stakeholders associated with the firm. The definitions for stakeholders are broad and varied, but generally constitute those directly or indirectly affected by the operations of the firm, including but not limited to customers, suppliers, society, its owners, its management, and its employees. It has been recently argued that due consideration should be given to stakeholders, and not Just direct shareholder value. Under this theory it could be argued that by giving uh regard to its stakeholders, COP would be achieving greater success than it would if it pursued purely optimal financial performance as a goal. QUESTION 2 Using the scenarios in case Exhibit 9, what role does leverage play in affecting the return on equity (â€Å"ROE†) for COP? Leverage increases the ROE of COP (â€Å"the Company’). As shown in chart 1 below, scenarios with successive increases in the debt to equity ratio (â€Å"DIE†) from zero to 10. 0 percent, 20 percent and 30 percent increases the ROE respectively from 9. 0 percent to 9. Percent, 10. 2 percent and 11. 1 percent. Given that no operational hangers were assumed, total capital remained unchanged and the debt capital was merely used to repurchase equity, we can deduce that the sole explanation for the elevation in ROE was the injection of debt capital. The logic for this occurrence is explained via the DuPont decomposition of ROE as a product of financial leverage (â€Å"FL†), total asset turnover (â€Å"TAT†) and net profit margin (â€Å"NP): (1) Thus a company’s ROE with leverage (FL 1 implies leverage) will be greater than if it were not using any leverage. Considering the capital of a company as pizza, each slice represents how much of total investment is financed by a particular type of capital debt or equity); they postulate that the present value of future cash flows (total value) remains unchanged irrespective of the composition of total capital. Thus the capital structure is irrelevant because under these assumptions, investors will force equivalence between the values of levered and unleavened companies by exploiting price differentials to earn arbitrage profit. Adding leverage increases equity risk and return to equity holders but this increase in equity return is, in equilibrium, exactly offset by increases in associated equity discount rate; so that there is no change in total company value. Although this framework serves as a reasonable starting point for a discussion of capital structure, many of the assumptions are unrealistic and thus cannot be applied to the COP case under discussion. As a first practical modification, taxes are considered. MM demonstrate that in the presence of corporate taxes, the value of a levered company (FL) exceeds that of an unleavened company (IV) by an amount equal to the product of the tax rate and the value of debt (the tax shield). Since interest paid is tax deductible, leverage provides a tax shield (ad) that offers savings, to augment the value of the levered company: By implication, taxing authorities subsidies companies’ use of debt by making interest on debt tax deductible. This tax-modified proposition applies to COP. As shown in Tables 3, consistent increases in leverage increases the MBA by an amount equal to the debt tax shield. By implication, using 100% leverage can add up to $73 million to Cap’s value; whilst using up all the $75 million line of credit can add a tax shield of over $24 million to Cap’s value. Tax Shield 417885 7,332 14,664 439,881 21,996 Table 3: Tax Shield MM also propose that the cost of equity ( is a linear function of the company’s debt/equity ratio ( : ( Where = WAC; = Cost of Debt Thus with leverage and corporate taxes, the cost of equity exceeds WAC, and the value of a levered company discounted with WAC will be larger than an unleavened company; also explaining the rise in the value of COP as measured by price per share and PIE ratio under varying scenarios, as shown in Table 1. However, this ignores the financial risk leverage introduced into the company by increasing the probability of an occurrence of financial distress and bankruptcy, agency costs, transaction costs and information asymmetry. These factors influence abase the tax shield such that he use of leverage becomes, in practice, a balancing act between these factors on one hand, and tax savings from the use of debt. Indeed, whilst leverage increases value, it can also reduce what Rick Responded described as â€Å"staying power†. Other capital structure theories are discussed under question 4. Thus leverage positively impacts Cap’s value and reduces cost of capital as explained within DuPont and MM frameworks. QUESTION 3 Based on the analysis in case Exhibit 9, what is the anticipated share price under each scenario? How many shares will COP be likely to repurchase under each How to cite California Pizza Kitchen, Papers

The NonDesigner free essay sample

The Non-Designer # 8217 ; s Design Book Essay, Research Paper The Non-Designer s Design Book By Robin Williams I chose this book because I am really interested in the design of a page, whether it be an advertizement, invitation, or feature narrative. I learned some of import rules to follow. This book was easy to read and understand. I recommend it to anyone who might necessitate a small aid with design. There are four basic rules in design. They are contrast, repeat, alliance, and propinquity. I will travel on to discourse these each individually, but maintain in head that the rules are truly interconnected. It is really rare that merely one rule is applied to a design. The writer points out that although inappropriate, there is rather memorable acronym, which I have underlined, for these basic design rules. The rule of propinquity provinces that you group related points together. When you move points near together physically, they are seen as a cohesive group. The intimacy of points on a page implies a relationship. Grouping similar elements into one unit can make many different things for your design. It will do your design easier to follow because propinquity makes the design more organized. Here is an illustration of the deficiency of propinquity utilizing a typical concern card: Jaye Ad Agency ( 405 ) 555-1111 Bill Fold 123 Rocky Road Edmond, OK The job with the concern card illustration above is how many times it makes your eyes halt. The illustration besides do the information on the card seem unrelated, which is a small confusing. The illustration I gave does non clearly show the reader where to get down reading. Here is illustration of a concern card with the rule of propinquity implemented: Bill Fold Jaye Ad Agency 123 Rocky Road Edmond, All right ( 405 ) 555-1111 This concern card illustration is really clear about where to get down reading. All I did was group related information together. The illustration is now visually organized. This book goes into some much more advanced illustrations of propinquity. Since I am a really ocular individual, I thought you might desire to see what I learned about propinquity. The basic thought of propinquity is to extinguish confusion by grouping similar elements together to give the design lucidity and to do it an easy read. The following rule is alignment. It states that every point should hold a ocular connexion with something else on the page. In the chapter about alliance, the writer warns about focus oning different points. She does non state to neer focus on points, but merely to mind of how dull focus can be. When a design is decently aligned, it will be unified and organized . The alliance along with a peculiar font can find the personality ( merriment, serious, sophisticated ) of a design. Examples of invitations: Please assist us observe the Holiday Season! Please aid us celebrate the Vacation Season! The first ( top ) illustration is all right, except that it is truly instead dull. Although still centered, the 2nd ( underside ) illustration is more originative and delighting to the oculus. It s easiest to believe of alliance as consolidative and forming. The rule of repeat provinces that you repeat some facet of the design throughout the full piece. Any component, from the fount to the colour, can be made insistent. Repeat can be used to heighten a design and clear up information. It can besides assist to transport out a subject. Repeated points do non hold to be precisely the same objects, but objects that are evidently closely related. Or merely take an point and do it smaller, make it bigger, or alter its colour. Repeat can easy be overdone, which can do a design annoyance or overwhelming. The intent of repeat is to add ocular involvement. Catch a reader s attending and so maintain it! Last, contrast is formed when two things are different. The rule of contrast provinces that if two points are non precisely the same, so do them different. The basic intent of contrast is to make an involvement on the page. A page is more likely to be read if it is interesting to look at. You can make contrast with founts and colourss. Contrast can do a page more attractive, while at the same clip doing the intent of the design much clearer. When working with contrast, you have to be brave. Don t attempt to contrast things that are similar. Have the backbones to contrast something other than dark brown and dark blue. For the best design consequences find what you want the focal point of your design to be. Then utilize contrast to make that focal point. If you re make bolding plenty, contrast can be a great plus to your design. Contrast, repeat, alliance, and propinquity are the four basic rules to plan. I learned how they work entirely, but more significantly how each one of them works so much better when all four rules are working together. I truly liked this book because it gave many illustrations of each thought discussed. The writer negotiations about non being afraid when it comes to plan. Make the unexpected. This book was besides a good acquisition tool. It contains quizzes throughout the book that assist me to retain the information. This book was besides fun and exciting to read. I am really interested in the ocular facet of layouts. So, taking clip to read this book was a pleasance. I merely wish my other categories were as gratifying.

McDonalds Strategic Audit Essay Example

McDonalds Strategic Audit Paper McDonalds as being ninth most valuable brand in the world which has replaced the US army as the Nation’s largest job training organization Controls the market share of more than 3 food chains taken together in America started in 1940. McDonalds Corporation (MCD) is the worlds largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving nearly 47 million customers daily. McDonalds primarily sells hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken products, French fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes and desserts. More recently, it has begun to offer salads, wraps and fruit. Many McDonalds restaurants have included a playground for children and advertising geared toward children, and some have been redesigned in a more natural style, with a particular emphasis on comfort: introducing lounge areas and fireplaces, and eliminating hard plastic chairs and tables. Company has also expanded the McDonalds menu in recent decades to include alternative meal options like salads and snack wraps in order to capitalize on growing consumer interest in health and wellness. Each McDonalds restaurant is operated by a franchisee, an affiliate, or the corporation itself. The corporations revenues come from the rent, royalties and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company operated restaurants. McDonalds revenues grew 27% over the three years ending in 2007 to $22.8 billion, and 9% growth in operating income to $3.9 billion We will write a custom essay sample on McDonalds Strategic Audit specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on McDonalds Strategic Audit specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on McDonalds Strategic Audit specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer McDonalds’s success is the result of superior products, high standards of performance, distinctive competitive strategies and the high integrity of our people. McDonalds is continuing to expand and introduce new alternative beverages in the market. Approximately 85% of McDonald’s restaurant businesses world-wide are owned and operated by franchisees .All franchisees are independent, full-time operators. McDonald’s was named Entrepreneur’s Number-one franchise for 1997 McDonald’s corp. is currently one of the most successful consumer products company in the world with annual revenues exceeding $23 million and has more than 1.6 million employees. McDonald’s products are recognized and are most respected all around the globe. Currently, its divisions operate in all over the world in beverages, snack foods, and restaurants. The corporations increasing success has been based on high standards of performance, marketing strategies, competitiveness, determination, commitment, and the personal and professional integrity of their people, products and business practices. McDonald’s believes their success depends upon the quality and value of their products by providing a safe, whole some, economically efficient and a healthy environment for their customers; and by providing a fair return to their investors while maintaining the highest standards of integrity. McDonalds A Global Phenomenon McDonalds opened its doors in India in October 1996. Ever since then, our family restaurants in Mumbai, Delhi, Pune, Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Ludhiana, Jaipur, Noida Faridabad, Doraha, Manesar and Gurgaon have proceeded to demonstrate, much to the delight of all our customers, what the McDonalds experience is all about. Our first restaurant opened on 15th April 1955 in Des Plaines, Illinois, U.S.A. Almost 50 years down the line, we are the worlds largest food service system with more than 30,000 restaurants in 100 countries, serving more than 46 million customers every day. Locally Owned McDonald’s in India is a 50-50 joint venture partnership between McDonald’s Corporation [USA] and two Indian businessmen. Amit Jatia’s company Hardcastle Restaurants Pvt. Ltd. owns and operates McDonalds restaurants in Western India. While Connaught Plaza Restaurants Pvt. Ltd headed by Vikram Bakshi owns and operates the Northern operations. Amit Jatia and Vikram Bakshi are like-minded visionaries who share McDonalds complete commitment to Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value (QSCV). Having signed their joint-venture agreements with McDonalds in April 1995, they trained extensively, along with their Indian management team, in McDonalds restaurants in Indonesia and the U.S.A. before opening the first McDonald’s restaurant in India.